In 2001, this became known as the internationalized domain name (IDN) homograph attack. Most browsers now have defenses against such attacks, and while there are some creative folks still finding new ways to exploit UNICODE attacks in browsers, it looks like some have moved onto creative file-based attacks. The bad actors figured out that to humans, a URL in English characters ‘ aaa.com‘ looks the same as ‘ aaa.com‘ in Greek characters but computers recognize these as different and will take you to two different websites depending on which you choose. Wikipedia tells us: UNICODE is an industry standard for “the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text.” Or put another way, it tries to identify every unique character in all of the languages so we can recognize an English “A” and a Greek “A” as distinct.
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